Cosmos -Mysterious Black holes

welcome back if you are here again, and hello if you are first time
for the first times, i hope you know what is black hole
because to know the mystery of black hole, you have to actually know what is exactly black hole.

to put in simple and pure words, black is nothing but a very densely packed mass of gasses and dust, which has so high magnetic field that nothing can escape it, not even light, well, when you read this line, i am making an understatement.
you should get this in your head very loud and clear that even light cannot escape from black hole.
think about it, isnt this like some amazing fairy tale?
well if you get that kind of feeling right now, i would like to welcome you to the universe
welcome to the world since you have taken some time out of your busy schedule :)

in last few post, i mentioned how black holes are formed, to brush that a little, lets revise it point wise
black holes are formed because
1:heavy initial mass of star
2:burning out of fuel
3:supernova
4:compression due to gravity to extreme condition

so these factor determine or tell the story of formation of a black hole
a black can be termed as goon of our universe, like some gangster on loose...who will destroy everything that comes in its way.
and goons are always bad.
what makes them bad? why are they bad? they destroy things that's why?
no thats not the only one reason, but sure its one of the major reason
black holes are, as i earlier said,mass of highly packed gas and dust, today i would like to refine my statement, which would remind you that it is actually a dead star
black holes is mass of highly packed debris of dead star. sounds spooky to me :P
anyway, its actually debris of whats left from star when it die, how?
well see this, a star massive in size, so powerful that it liberates the same of amount of energy in one second as sun take a year to give. and that all, a star which is tens and thousand times bigger than sun itself, just guess the size, what would be like to stay in a solar system with such star and have it as sun, better be the ninth planet for it :P

when star run out of fuel, it extinguishes, what left is lithium or carbon or any higher atmoic number bearing metal in periodic table
for e.g lets assume that its made of carbon
okay, so here we have so much carbon that its ball was many times bigger than sun, suddenly after its off, the whole mass is concentrated not bigger than the sun,in fact many times smaller than sun.
such is the density, such is the compactness, such is the gravity inside.
and this dudes, is the real culprit.
this gravity due to the awesome mass collapsed, is so strong that it simply devourers anything that might be in its way and still be hungry for more. till date never anyone has seen a black hole dying, we have just seen them eating, gobbling up planets-suns-stars-and even galaxies
dont be surprised, there is more to add to this.
have you seen carefully to a glass of water when you stir it with spoon?
what happens?
a vortex is created, right
well imagine something like that big rotating at very high speed, what will be size of vortex
but wait here, aint i wrong about vortex, here on earth when you stir water, you are actually stiring the whole medium, and in space there is no medium, so how can a vortex be there?
when a black hole is revolving it too creates a vortex and the vortex are at its poles, the poles on which it is spinning
this vortex is made up of dust and gas which black hole once devoured, x-rays, u-v's, radio waves and cosmic waves
and believe it or not, these vortex are so long, sometimes even span through and through a galaxy

these vortex are so large and powerful that they can even destroy a galaxy from light years of distance
but these are less destructive from the hunger and striving of the black hole. its mass keeps increasing and hence gravity
nothing can ever come out of it. on earth we know that speed of light is so very fast, plus its not made of particle so we cant make a device which can bend light except change the medium, not by attraction
if ever we created it, it will first destroy our planet by attracting everything, including the hot-molten-iron-lava inside, and turning whole planet upside down, well we will talk about it later, light, focus on light.
bottom line we cannot bend light by attraction, but black holes can, there force of gravity is such that it not only bends light but even absorbs it all the way.
your next question must be that, if they dont have there own light (as then name suggest-black) and they dont reflect light visible to our eyes, then how the hell are they detected at first place.
black holes are not pinned at one place, they move, and we humans have a big keen eye up there called Hubble telescope, it keeps 24X7, 365days its eyes looking for changes, when astronomers find that there was a no stars visible in that area and after few years suddenly becomes visible, they match years of photographs and then after there finding they declare that there might be/is a black hole there, destroying things.
such are black holes detected in space.

but i too am still wondering about a fact,
we know that light is energy, infact every thing in this universe is energy as per Einstein energy and mass are inter-convertible, so where is this energy going.....is it being converted into mass, if yes, what kind of mass is that?
what metal/non metal it converts itself?
what will happen when the mass increases like anything and it again becomes very big o initial size but huge mass.
my question is only, 'then what?'

we dont know yet, if you think you know, tell me as well,
why we dont know because our time frame is much smaller than that of stars, like we see moths, they are born and die on same day, there lifepsan is of 24hrs, but from there perspective they are born, become adult, mate and give eggs, and then die, for then we, humans are like those stars to us,, eternal-immovable-dormant-mysterious etc etc
so we have to wait for years, maybe decades, maybe centuries to get an answer of what might be happening to black holes...........

what might happen?

Cosmos - A star is born.....somewhere

in last post i introduced you to fact that stars were actually nothing but ball of gas and dust, but heck why they do glow?
most of us have only seen a bulb and tube light (some even see fluorescent watches as light source) but yes stars too glow like all these, in fact they have there own light, just like our beloved sun who is million-billion years old. our grandpa

to understand why they glow, we would have to go to molecular level, even towards atoms.
in our universe we have hydrogen in abundant which is a perfect fuel.
so far so good, hydrogen is fuel and it catches fire and starts burning, but wait, who lights hydrogen? who has the ability to light this hydrogen who's power still cannot be trapped by us humans?


answer : gravity
strange na! see, e know that everything is attracting each other, on earth even im attracting my keyboard with same force as it is attracting me, but it never overcomes gravitational force of earth nor i overcome my mass. so we are both at same place as we were, but in space, its different story. in space the only force is gravity but not by another thing, but themselves
like take a big block of mass, some stone, now it is hanging there is space, but due to its mass and Newtons theory it will start attracting things/gasses/dust/smaller stones towards itself, a more practical example is earth and moon.
so when the gasses start to get collect at one place due to attractive force between them, as there mass increases, there force of gravity also increases, increasing the force of gravitation, hence increasing the mass, this continues eternally (some million years, for us this is eternal :P ) then as the mass increases, pressure inside increases as well, which in turn pushes the hydrogen atoms in there closer and closer,
there something happens
the pressure ever rising
the temperature ever rising
hydrogen atoms coming closer and closer
and then suddenly.........
the two hydrogen atoms fuse (hence fusion), and release a massive amount of energy and high temperature

almost like 20 Hiroshima and Nagasaki in single blow, which ignites the rest of hydrogen
and a star is born........somewhere
which will continue to glow eternally somewhere....like our sun, like the nearest star...like those twinkling little things up above the sky......there how everything started
have you ever heard of fourth dimension?

lets talk about it in nxt edition :)

Cosmos-Have you ever wonderd

before reading any further i would like you to ask yourself, are you alone?
no idiot, i didnt mean in the room,
just think are you alone in this universe....

i think not....but what the heck is that to do with our life?
nothing in particular to be honest, but i took some time from my helter-skelter life to wait, stand, look up, watch those beautiful stars up there.
arent they beautiful !
but wait, before i get caught in there charm, i ask myself, where are they? who are they?
why are they up there and so small?
answer to these question are also with a 5yr old child, who knows the nursery rhyme "twinkle twinkle little stars"
he knows "it up above the world so high", so do we,
but how much 'above'
arent you intrigued by this large distance, aren't you fascinated by the awesomeness of those blinking things.
lets start from base.
for those who aren't/weren't a science student, light travels at 299,792,458 m/s
aprox:300,000,000 m/s or 30,00,000 km/s
if you want an estimate we drive bike normally at not more than 60km/hr i.e 16.67m/s
and here we are seeing speed of light at whopping 17,983,950.7 times than ours,
this is madness even to think about comparing, but just to show actually what is light.
anyway
did you know that it takes approx 8 mins for sunlight to reach surface of earth, imagine light traveling at such enormous speed still taking 8 mins to reach earth, 149,565,511 kilometers.
since all these units are becoming too small for us to calculate and even write here, lets look towards our maths and physics textbook, there is defined a new unit, light years, dont get baffled
it is actually distance traveled by light in one year time
one light year=9.4605284 × 10¹² kilometers
so far so good, whats next now

well sorry to deviate you from beautiful stars :P
but this was the setting of what is going to follow.

okay, so we were looking up the sky, and wondering what they are, and where are, who they are
lets go step by step
most of the people like me might know what they are.
they are nothing but a ball of gas and dust, gas is mostly hydrogen
they why the heck are they glowing, well to understand this, i feel is necessary for us to understand what is fission
now if you have seen that wiki page, then in simple language i will say that fusion is actually joining of two atom/atomic nuclei, what happens is when these gas molecule are packed tightly , so tightly packed that the nuclear forces between the electron and proton loose its battle to gravitational and external pressure. will explain more soon

these stars glow because of fusion, fusion releases high amount of energy which is still uncontrollable for us humans, and havnt yet able to setup such device that could hold the energy coming out of fusion. sun is perfect example
actually sun is a mid-sized star. which has fuel almost unlimited that it has been burning continuously for last 4.5 billion years old, and whats your age :P
like sun there are many other stars, and those are there up are gas ball but some are much and many time heavier than sun, but now wonder why they are so small like speck of dirt whereas sun is so big enough to make us sweat in summer days?
answer : distance in light years (now you know why i wasted your time :P )
4.22 light years or 9.46 x 10¹² km long way.....still closest
its name is Proxima Centauri.
welcome to our nearest neighbor :)

more in next version